| Born: | 12-08-1914 |
| Faculty: | Medical School | Medical University Vienna |
| Category: | Expelled student |
Fritz LIEBAN, born on December 8th, 1914 in Vienna/Austria (entitled residency ("heimatberechtigt") for Vienna/Austria, citizenship 1938: Austria), son of Bernhard Lieban (merchant), lived in Vienna's 9th district, Grundlgasse 1, was enrolled finally in the fall term of 1937/38 at the Medical School in the 4th year of his studies (1938, fall term 1937/38 was validated on February 19th, 1938).
After the "Anschluss", in times of National Socialism, he was forced to quit his studies and to leave the University of Vienna for racist reasons. He could not continue his studies (Leaving Certificate ("Abgangszeugnis") was issued on June 3rd).
He was still able to escape from Vienna to Prague in Czechoslovakia, but was arrested there and deported to the Theresienstadt [Terezín] ghetto and later to the Sachenhausen concentration camp. On May 28th, 1942, he was shot as one of a total of 250 "Jewish hostages" in the industrial yard of the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. This shooting was a centrally executed murder operation ordered in retaliation for an arson attack on the anti-Bolshevik Nazi propaganda exhibition "The Soviet Paradise" in Berlin's Lustgarten.
Contrary to the usual practice - the killing was ordered and announced to the Jewish communities - the causes of death were truthfully recorded by the registrar employed by the Oranienburg municipality.
His father Bernhard (Berl) Lieban (born March 13th, 1888 in Cracovie) was able to escape from Vienna to France but was arrested in German occupied France and interned in the Drancy camp and from there deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp on August 12th, 1942 and murdered soon after.
Lit.: Archives of the University of Vienna/enrollment forms ("Nationale") MED 1937-1938; POSCH/INGRISCH/DRESSEL 2008, 429; Anneke de RUDDER, Zwangsarbeit im Zeichen des Völkermords 1942 bis 1945, in: Günter Morsch & Susanne zur Nieden (eds.), Jüdische Häftlinge im Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen 1936 bis 1945 (=Schriftenreihe der Stiftung Brandenburgische Gedenkstätten 12), Berlin 2004, 200-242; Günter MORSCH (ed.), Mord und Massenmord im Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen 1936-1945 (=Schriftenreihe der Stiftung Brandenburgische Gedenkstätten 13), Berlin 2005, 193-197; Kerstin HOSA, Österreicher und Österreicherinnen im nationalsozialistischen Konzentrationslager Sachsenhausen 1938-1945, ungedr. phil. Dipl. Univ. Wien, Vienna 2008, 153-154; Willi CREUTZENBERG, Tod durch Genickschuss, in: Berliner Zeitung, May 24th, 2022; DOeW 2001 (Documentation Centre of Austrian Resistance, database Austrian Victims of the Holocaust); collections.arolsen-archives.org; www.yadvashem.org (testimony from his sister Edith Fink/Haifa 1990 to the Shoah-Foundation); information from Willi Creutzenberg, Herdecke/Germany 09/2022.
Herbert Posch
